Ancient Rigid Saddle Unearthed in Mongolia Provides A Glimpse into Horseback Riding Innovations

A remarkable archaeological discovery has shed light on the ancient art of horseback riding in Mongolia. The world's oldest rigid saddle, dating back to the 4th century BC, has been unearthed and confiscated from looters at a sacred site in the Altai Mountains. The saddle, made of intricately carved birch, represents a significant milestone in the history of equestrianism. It showcases the innovative techniques employed by Mongolian riders, who once dominated the Eurasian region on horseback. Unlike previous riding equipment, the rigid saddle provided riders with enhanced maneuverability and stability, enabling them to engage in high-speed combat and prolonged rides. The saddle was found alongside the mummified remains of a horse, indicating the reverence and bond between rider and steed. Local craftsmanship is believed to be responsible for its creation, as birch wood is abundant in the Altai region. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed its age, attributing it to the 4th century Mongolians. Archaeologists suggest that the influence of Mongolian technology on horse culture extends far beyond ancient times. The innovations in saddlery and stirrups that emerged from Mongolia have shaped the equestrian traditions observed today, including those in America. The discovery also provides insights into the physical toll horseback riding took on both horse and rider. The rigid saddle, constructed from wood, effectively distributed the rider's weight and minimized the skeletal impacts caused by prolonged riding. While the stirrups associated with the saddle were not found, evidence suggests they were likely present. It is speculated that Mongolia played a pivotal role in inventing and disseminating the combined use of frame saddles and stirrups, which revolutionized mounted warfare.