The Whys and Hows

The Joy of Discovery: Citizen Scientists Unearth Rare Pink and Purple Fungi, Painting a New Picture of Biodiversity

In a discovery as magical as it sounds, citizen scientists across the United Kingdom have unearthed hundreds of new sites hosting rare pink and purple fungi species so vibrant that they seem almost otherworldly. From quiet graveyards to misty sheep pastures and backyard lawns, these dazzling mushrooms—the pink waxcap and violet coral—are rewriting what we know about Britain’s hidden biodiversity. The discoveries were made as part of Plantlife’s Waxcap Watch, an annual citizen science survey that encourages people to spot and record grassland fungi. What began as a simple autumn activity has now blossomed into one of the UK’s largest biodiversity projects, bringing together ordinary nature lovers to protect extraordinary species.Citizen Science: When Communities Become ScientistsThe success of this initiative highlights a growing trend in citizen science, where everyday people join hands with experts to collect and analyze data. For Plantlife’s fungi survey, over 850 volunteers took part, exploring areas often out of reach for professional scientists, such as private gardens and local parks. According to Dr. Aileen Baird, Plantlife’s senior fungi conservation officer, the project wouldn’t have achieved such success without public participation. "People’s interest in fungi is definitely growing,” she said. “We wouldn’t have found these new locations without them.” Last year alone, more than 567 surveys were completed—a record number—revealing 300 new sites for the pink waxcap (Porpolomopsis calyptriformis) and 18 new sites for the violet coral (Clavaria zollingeri). Before this effort, just over 1,000 pink waxcap and 183 violet coral sites were known in the British Mycological Society’s database. The findings have now significantly expanded scientific understanding of where these delicate species survive.Meet the Fungi: The Ballerina and the Violet CoralThe pink waxcap, often called the “ballerina waxcap” for its delicate pastel-pink cap that flares gracefully like a dancer’s skirt, is a sight to behold. It is listed as “vulnerable” on the IUCN Red List, placing it in the same global risk category as snow leopards and giant pandas. The violet coral, with its branching, coral-like form and intense purple hue, looks like something lifted from a tropical reef rather than an English meadow. Both species thrive only in special grasslands—ancient, nutrient-poor lands that have remained undisturbed for centuries.Ancient Grasslands: The Fragile Homes of Hidden LifeThe fungi’s survival depends on “unimproved grasslands”—areas untouched by modern farming methods such as plowing, fertilizing, or pesticide use. Unfortunately, such lands have been steadily disappearing due to urban development, intensive agriculture, and even tree planting in unsuitable areas. In other words, protecting these fungi means protecting the very last patches of Britain’s original, centuries-old grassland—an ecosystem that quietly nurtures countless species of insects, plants, and microorganisms.Global Significance, Local ResponsibilityThough these fungi are rare globally, the UK still holds a relatively high number of them. This gives Britain an international responsibility to protect their remaining habitats. The message is clear: biodiversity isn’t just something that happens in faraway rainforests or coral reefs. It thrives and sometimes struggles right under our feet. Beyond the data and scientific records, the project has a human connection with the natural world. Volunteers describe the joy of spotting a flash of pink or purple among the grass as something truly magical—a reminder of nature’s quiet persistence. For many, the experience becomes personal. It transforms a simple walk into a mission to protect what’s left of the wild. “The discoveries show that these threatened species aren’t confined to remote hillsides; they’re in our towns, churchyards, and gardens,” said Clare Blencowe from the British Mycological Society. “It’s a powerful reminder of how biodiversity exists all around us.”

15 Oct 2025

The Whys and Hows

Three Nations, One Heartbeat: The Beauty of the World’s Tripoints

Across continents, there are special places where three countries meet at a single point. These are called tripoints, and according to the International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, the world has over 170 of them.How do they form?Tripoints form when three national borders intersect naturally, sometimes along rivers, mountains, or open plains. They are often marked by monuments, stones, or cairns that symbolize unity rather than division.Why do they matter?Because they show how geography and humanity intersect. These points aren’t just political lines; they are reminders that people, cultures, and histories flow across borders. They invite travellers to experience diversity and togetherness in one place. Let’s explore how five of the world’s most fascinating tripoints came to be and why they continue to inspire travellers with their unique blend of geography and humanity.1. Dreilandereck (Switzerland • Germany • France)The Dreilandereck, located in Basel, marks the meeting of Switzerland, Germany, and France. The true tripoint sits slightly upstream in the Rhine River, while a modern monument on the promenade marks the symbolic spot. This tripoint emerged naturally where the Rhine bends through three historic trade regions. Over centuries, shifting borders and peaceful coexistence turned this area into a bridge between Romance and Germanic Europe. Basel has become a living example of how borders can connect rather than separate. Locals bike from Switzerland to Germany for work and cross to France for a weekend café visit, all in a day. Visitors love capturing the iconic three-country photo, taking river cruises, or sampling cross-border cuisines that blend French elegance and German heartiness. A short tram or bike ride from Basel city centre leads to the monument and riverside cafés that embody Europe’s open-border spirit.2. Drielandenpunt (Netherlands • Belgium • Germany)At Vaals, near the edge of the Netherlands, lies Drielandenpunt where the Netherlands, Belgium, and Germany unite on a scenic hill. This region once hosted a puzzling fourth territory called Neutral Moresnet (1816–1919), created after disputes over valuable zinc mines. When borders finally stabilized, three modern nations remained at the meeting point, forming today’s Drielandenpunt. It’s not just a border; it’s a playground of unity. Families wander through Europe’s largest hedge maze, children dash between fountains, and visitors climb the Wilhelmina Tower for panoramic views across three countries. The joy here lies in how history transformed a once-divided region into a symbol of peace and cooperation. Drive or walk uphill from Vaals, or take short day trips from Aachen (Germany) or Liege (Belgium). Clear signboards and trails lead right to the stone marker.3. Treriksroysa (Norway • Finland • Sweden)High above the Arctic Circle, Treriksrøysa marks where Norway, Finland, and Sweden meet near Lake Goldajavri. A concrete cairn was built in 1926 to officially mark the border intersection after decades of adjustments between Nordic nations. The site stands amid serene forests, marshes, and lakes, a true symbol of Scandinavian calm. Treriksroysa isn’t about borders; it’s about balance. Here, reindeer graze freely, and the same Sami people move across all three nations as part of their cultural heritage. During summer, hikers enjoy the midnight sun, and in autumn, the northern lights dance overhead, blending skies beyond boundaries. From Finland, marked trails guide trekkers through pristine Arctic landscapes. Though accessible from all three countries, the Finnish route is the easiest and most scenic.4. Golden Triangle (Thailand • Laos • Myanmar)How a dark past became a symbol of renewal. In northern Thailand’s Chiang Rai Province, where the Ruak River joins the Mekong, lies the legendary Golden Triangle, connecting Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar. This tripoint naturally developed at the junction of two great rivers, historically serving as a centre for trade and, later, opium cultivation. Its name came from the vast profits once made from the opium trade. The region has transformed from a troubled zone into a cultural and historical attraction. The Hall of Opium Museum educates visitors about its past, while vibrant markets and temples showcase local life. The Golden Triangle now symbolizes reform, resilience, and unity, proving how human effort can redefine a place’s destiny. From Chiang Rai city, buses or taxis take about an hour to reach Ban Sop Ruak, where travellers can stand at the viewpoint and gaze across all three nations or take boat rides along the Mekong.5. Triple Frontier (Argentina • Brazil • Paraguay)At the confluence of the Paraná and Iguazú Rivers, the Triple Frontier marks the meeting of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay—a place where nature’s grandeur meets human connection. Two powerful rivers carve the borders naturally. Over time, each nation built a city on its bank Puerto Iguazú (Argentina), Foz do Iguaçu (Brazil), and Ciudad del Este (Paraguay) turning the area into a thriving triangle of commerce and culture.The region is home to the world-famous Iguazú Falls, one of nature’s greatest wonders shared by Argentina and Brazil. Tourists can view the falls from different perspectives: Brazil’s panoramic vistas, Argentina’s immersive trails, or Paraguay’s peaceful lookouts. The colourful border obelisks represent cooperation between nations bound by water and heritage. Fly into Puerto and cross into Paraguay via Ciudad del Este. River safaris and walking bridges make exploring all three sides simple and safe.How Tripoints Reflect Human UnityTripoints are more than dots where maps meet; they’re powerful reminders of how nature connects us and why borders need not divide. They exist because geography demands it, but they thrive because people see beyond it. Standing at a tripoint is a humbling experience. You can step from one nation to another within seconds, feeling the shared heartbeat of humanity. Whether under the northern lights of Scandinavia or beside the tropical rivers of Southeast Asia, every tripoint tells the same story. How we draw lines may differ, but why we cross them defines who we are.

13 Oct 2025

The Whys and Hows

Celebrate National Ayurveda Day 2025: 4 Ayurvedic Herbs You Must Include for Better Health!

National Ayurveda Day is a celebration of India’s ancient wisdom, highlighting the power of natural remedies that have been trusted for centuries. Ayurveda, which literally means “the science of life,” emphasizes a holistic approach to health, focusing on the balance between mind, body, and spirit. In today’s fast-paced world, these natural remedies are more relevant than ever. Here are four Ayurvedic herbs that can help strengthen immunity, reduce stress, enhance digestion, and promote overall wellness, naturally.Ashwagandha – The Stress-BusterAshwagandha, known as the “Indian ginseng,” is one of Ayurveda’s most celebrated herbs. It is renowned for its ability to reduce stress, combat anxiety, and improve mental clarity. Modern studies support its traditional use, showing that Ashwagandha can help balance cortisol levels, enhance sleep quality, and boost energy. Whether consumed in powder form, capsules, or herbal teas, this adaptogen helps the body adapt to stress while rejuvenating both mind and body. For students, working professionals, and anyone facing daily stress, Ashwagandha is a natural ally.Turmeric – The Golden HealerTurmeric, or Haldi, is called the golden spice of Ayurveda for a reason. Its active compound, curcumin, possesses powerful anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunity-boosting properties. Ayurveda has long recommended Turmeric for joint health, digestion, and skin wellness. Today, it is used globally in golden milk, smoothies, capsules, and face packs, making it an easy herb to integrate into daily life. By adding a pinch of Turmeric to your meals or drinks, you are not just enhancing flavor but also promoting long-term health naturally.Giloy – The Immunity EnhancerGiloy, also known as Amrita, is praised in Ayurveda as a potent immunity booster and detoxifying herb. It helps the body fight infections, improve digestion, and balance blood sugar levels. Giloy can be consumed in juice, syrup, or tablet form, making it convenient for daily use. With seasonal changes, lifestyle stress, and modern health challenges, Giloy supports the body’s natural defense system, ensuring that you remain healthy and energetic throughout the year.Neem – The Skin & Body PurifierNeem is often referred to as the “village pharmacy” because of its extensive therapeutic properties. It is celebrated for its ability to purify blood, treat skin conditions, and fight bacterial or fungal infections. Regular use of Neem, whether through herbal teas, face packs, or supplements, can help maintain skin health, cleanse the body internally, and strengthen immunity. Its natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties make it an essential herb for holistic wellness.This National Ayurveda Day, let’s celebrate the timeless wisdom of Ayurveda and embrace natural remedies that have stood the test of time. Nature has always been the best healer, it’s time we honor it.

22 Sep 2025

The Whys and Hows

No Screws, No Plates Just Glue: The Future of Fracture Repair Is Here

Imagine breaking a bone and having it repaired within minutes without the screws, plates, or rods that usually come with orthopedic surgery. This once-distant dream is now closer to reality. A team of Chinese scientists has developed Bone-02, a groundbreaking bio-adhesive that repairs bone fractures in as little as three minutes. Led by Dr. Lin Xianfeng, an orthopedic surgeon at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital in Zhejiang Province, this innovation has the potential to reshape fracture treatment worldwide. Unlike traditional implants, which often require follow-up surgeries, Bone-02 dissolves naturally in the body as the bone heals.Inspiration from Nature: Oysters Show the WayThe secret behind Bone-02 lies in biomimicry, taking inspiration from nature’s own solutions. Oysters, known for their ability to cling tightly to underwater rocks despite strong waves and currents, provided the model for this adhesive. Just as oysters withstand turbulent waters, Bone-02 maintains strong adhesion in blood-rich environments where conventional glues often fail. Within two to three minutes of application, it can bond bones together with a force greater than 400 pounds, making it a powerful ally in surgery.Why This Matters for PatientsFor many patients, fracture repair can be a painful and lengthy process. Traditional treatments involve metal plates, rods, or screws, which not only increase surgery time but also bring risks such as infections from foreign materials, rejection of implants, and the need for follow-up surgeries to remove hardware once the bone heals. Bone-02 eliminates these challenges, as it is bioabsorbable and gradually disappears while the bone regains strength. For patients, this translates into shorter surgeries, faster recovery, and reduced physical as well as emotional stress.Clinical Trials Show PromiseSo far, Bone-02 has been tested successfully in more than 150 patients, with surgeons noting that procedures that would normally require screws and plates were completed much faster and with fewer complications. The adhesive showed a shear strength of about 0.5 MPa and a compressive strength of nearly 10 MPa, making its performance comparable to standard implants. Most importantly, the trials revealed no major safety issues, positioning Bone-02 not just as a scientific breakthrough but also as a practical, patient-friendly solution that could soon be adopted in hospitals worldwide.Applications Beyond FracturesWhile the primary focus has been on bone fractures, researchers believe Bone-02 could have far wider applications in medicine, including dental surgery for fixing teeth and jaw fractures, joint repair in orthopedics, and emergency treatments in disaster zones or accidents. It could also play a crucial role in battlefield medicine, where quick and effective solutions are essential. Imagine soldiers, accident victims, or patients in remote areas receiving fracture treatment within minutes, without the need for complex surgical setups—this is the kind of real-world impact Bone-02 promises to deliver.Faster Healing, Less TraumaBreaking a bone is not just a physical injury; it is an emotional experience. From a child who breaks an arm while playing to an elderly patient struggling with a hip fracture, the pain, long recovery, and fear of surgery can be overwhelming. Bone-02 offers hope. Parents could see their children recover faster, without long hospital stays. Elderly patients could avoid risky surgeries and regain mobility more quickly. For millions of people, this innovation could mean not just healing bones but also healing lives.A Historic Leap in Orthopedic SurgeryEfforts to create bone adhesives in the past using materials like gelatin or epoxy resins failed due to poor biocompatibility. Bone-02 has changed that story, proving that a safe, strong, and bioabsorbable glue is possible. This innovation marks a historic leap in medicine, comparable to when surgeons first introduced metal implants decades ago. But this time, the solution is gentler, faster, and more natural.

17 Sep 2025

The Whys and Hows

Navapur Railway Station: One Bench, Two States, and a Unique Story of Division

While traveling with my family on vacation, we stopped at Navapur Railway Station. Tired from the journey, I sat down on a simple wooden bench at the platform. My parents and siblings sat beside me, but then my father chuckled and said, “Do you realize you are sitting in Gujarat while the rest of us are in Maharashtra?” I looked down and noticed a line running right through the middle of the bench. That was the moment I discovered the fascinating story of Navapur Railway Station, a station that literally belongs to two different states.India is a land of diversity, not just in people, culture, or food, but sometimes even in its railway stations. Among the thousands of stations in the country, Navapur Railway Station is one of a kind. Situated in the Nandurbar district of Maharashtra and the Tapi district of Gujarat, this station is divided almost perfectly between the two states. Out of its total 800-meter length, 500 meters lie in Gujarat, while the remaining 300 meters are in Maharashtra. What makes it even more special is that trains stopping here often stand half in Maharashtra and half in Gujarat. A person boarding from the first compartment could technically be in Gujarat, while another in the last compartment could be in Maharashtra.A Bench that Became FamousThe uniqueness of Navapur is symbolized by a simple wooden bench on its platform. This bench is divided by a painted line that marks the state border. Half of the bench lies in Maharashtra, and the other half in Gujarat. This has turned the bench into a selfie hotspot. Families often sit on either side to click photos, humorously boasting about being “in two states at once.” The sight of people laughing and enjoying this little quirk has added a human charm to what might otherwise be just another small-town railway station.How Did This Happen? The Story of DivisionThe existence of a station shared by two states traces back to India’s political history. When Navapur station was constructed, it was part of the undivided Bombay province. But on May 1, 1960, the state was bifurcated into Maharashtra and Gujarat. The railway line ran straight through the newly drawn boundary, leaving Navapur station split in two. Instead of shifting the tracks or re-locating the station, authorities decided to keep it as it was. Since then, Navapur has stood as a reminder of how historical decisions can shape the everyday geography of places.Announcements in Four LanguagesIf the physical division wasn’t enough, the cultural and linguistic blend at Navapur makes it even more fascinating. Announcements at the station are made in four languages Hindi, English, Marathi, and Gujarati. This reflects the multilingual character of the border region, where people from both states interact daily. The ticket counter and police station are on the Maharashtra side, while the station master’s office, waiting room, and washrooms are on the Gujarat side. This means passengers constantly move between two state jurisdictions without even realizing it.Laws That Change Across the BenchAnother intriguing aspect of Navapur is how different state laws apply on either side of the same platform. For example, alcohol is prohibited in Gujarat, while in Maharashtra, its sale and consumption are legal. On the other hand, Maharashtra bans products like gutka and pan masala, which Gujarat allows. So, technically, a person sitting on one side of the famous bench might be in a state where liquor is banned, while on the other side, gutka is illegal. This contrast often sparks curiosity and laughter among visitors, making Navapur a talking point far beyond railway circles. For travelers, Navapur is more than just a station; it is a metaphor. A single bench divided by a painted line speaks volumes about India’s unity in diversity. Despite belonging to two states, people who use this station share the same train journeys, the same chai stalls, and the same railway stories.Connected to Major CitiesNavapur may be a small town station, but it is well connected. Trains like the Golden Temple Mail and Tapti Ganga Express stop here, linking it with Mumbai, Surat, Kolkata, Varanasi, Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Patna, and many other big cities. With three platforms under the Mumbai division of Western Railway, Navapur plays an important role in connecting Maharashtra and Gujarat through the Udhna–Jalgaon line. What sets Navapur apart is not just its geographical position but the way it has embraced its dual identity. Born out of a state division, it today represents coexistence. For railway enthusiasts, travelers, and social media users, Navapur is a reminder of how geography, politics, and human connection can blend in unexpected ways. When you sit on that bench, half in Maharashtra and half in Gujarat, you are not just resting; you are living a piece of history. Navapur Railway Station may be small, but it tells a big story. A tale of how a simple railway platform can symbolize two states, two cultures, and two sets of laws, all while bringing people together. As the train finally arrived and we got ready to leave, I looked back once more at the bench where I had been sitting, half in Gujarat, half in Maharashtra. What had started as a casual rest during our family vacation turned into a memory I will never forget. Navapur may just be another railway station for many passengers, but for me, it became a reminder that sometimes the most ordinary places hold the most extraordinary stories.

18 Aug 2025

The Whys and Hows

Badluram Ka Badan – The Song, the Soldier, and the Survival Story

If you ever see soldiers of the Assam Regiment on parade, you might hear a catchy, almost playful song, “Badluram Ka Badan Zameen Ke Neeche Hai…” The melody is light, but behind it lies a story of courage, loss, and an extraordinary twist of fate during one of the toughest battles fought on Indian soil. This song, composed by Major M. T. Proktor, honors Rifleman Badluram, a soldier of the 1st Battalion, Assam Regiment, who laid down his life in World War II. It is sung with pride by new recruits during their passing-out parade in Shillong and has become a timeless reminder of both sacrifice and survival.The Man Behind the Name—Rifleman BadluramBorn in a time when India was still under British rule, Rifleman Badluram served in the British Indian Army’s Assam Regiment. In 1944, during the Second World War, his unit was stationed in and around Kohima in present-day Nagaland. This was no ordinary posting; it was the frontline against the Imperial Japanese Army advancing towards British India. In the early days of the Battle of Kohima, Badluram was hit by enemy fire and died a soldier’s death. His comrades buried him on the battlefield. Normally, his name would have been removed from the ration register. But fate and a certain quartermaster’s decision had other plans.A Quartermaster’s Quick ThinkingThe quartermaster of the Assam Regiment at the time was Subedar Kandarpa Rajbongshi, a man known for his resourcefulness. For reasons still debated—some say it was intentional, others say it was forgetfulness—he never removed Badluram’s name from the ration list. This meant that for months, the company continued to receive food supplies “for Badluram” even though he was no longer there to eat them. At the time, this surplus didn’t seem like much. But soon, it would become the difference between life and death.The Siege of Kohima—Britain’s Greatest BattleBy April 1944, Japanese troops had surrounded Kohima. Supply lines were cut, food was running out, and the steep, hilly terrain made air drops unreliable. To make matters worse, Japanese anti-aircraft guns shot down many supply aircraft, further strangling the flow of essentials. For most units, rations became dangerously low. Soldiers were surviving on limited water, sometimes as little as a pint a day. Hunger was constant, and morale was tested. But for Badluram’s company, things were slightly better. Thanks to the “extra” supplies still coming in his name, they had a small but vital reserve. This hidden advantage helped them endure the siege until relief came.From Survival to SongAfter the war ended, Major M. T. Proktor decided to immortalize this incident in song. Using the tune of the American marching song “John Brown’s Body,” he wrote new lyrics telling the story of Badluram, the soldier buried in the ground whose rations kept his comrades alive. The song was humorous in tone, but it carried deep respect for Badluram’s sacrifice and the quartermaster’s role in the survival of the men. Over time, “Badluram Ka Badan” became the official regimental song of the Assam Regiment, blending lighthearted marching spirit with solemn historical memory.Why It Still MattersFor the average person, the story of Badluram is more than a wartime anecdote; it’s a reminder of how sacrifice can take unexpected forms. Badluram didn’t set out to save his comrades after death. Yet, because his name stayed on a ration list, dozens of soldiers survived to fight another day. It also shows the soldier’s way of remembering through song, laughter, and shared tradition. Even in loss, they carry forward the memory of those who fell, turning tragedy into a marching beat. Today, “Badluram Ka Badan” is not just sung within the Assam Regiment; it’s a cultural link between generations of soldiers.The catchy tune and simple words make it accessible, but the pride in the voices comes from knowing the real story. In military history, the Battle of Kohima is remembered as the “Stalingrad of the East,” a turning point that stopped Japan’s advance into India. In regimental history, Badluram’s story is remembered as proof that sometimes, a small twist of fate can shape survival.Why We Should RememberFor us civilians, the takeaway is simple: behind every victory, there are countless untold stories. Some are grand acts of heroism; others, like Badluram’s, are humble, even accidental. But each matters. Next time you see a soldier of the Assam Regiment singing “Badluram Ka Badan,” remember it’s not just a song. It’s a living history lesson about sacrifice, luck, and the unbreakable bond between soldiers.

15 Aug 2025

The Whys and Hows

When Trains Meet Planes: Inside New Zealand’s One-of-a-Kind Gisborne Airport

Imagine arriving at an airport not just to see planes soaring overhead, but also trains casually rolling across the same runway. Welcome to Gisborne Airport, a small but fascinating airport on the eastern coast of New Zealand’s North Island, where technology, timing, and teamwork come together in perfect sync. This isn’t science fiction. It’s a real-life marvel where the Palmerston North-Gisborne railway line crosses right through the main runway. Here, instead of jets rushing past each other, you might just spot a train and a plane patiently taking turns a sight that leaves visitors awestruck and camera-ready. A Glimpse into the Heart of GisborneLocated in the Elgin neighborhood of Gisborne, this airport is one of 62 airports in New Zealand. Despite its size, it serves more than 1.5 lakh passengers a year and operates over 60 domestic flights per week. While its statistics may sound modest, what makes Gisborne Airport unforgettable is its incredible runway setup. The airport is spread over 160 hectares of land and features not just one but three subsidiary runways in addition to the main one. But it's the railway line slicing right through the primary runway that truly puts it on the world map.Trains on the Tarmac: How It WorksEvery day between 6:30 am and 8:30 pm, the runway at Gisborne is active for both air and rail traffic. Outside of these hours, operations are paused, and the runway is closed for safety. The system here is simple yet impressive. When a train approaches, the airport’s traffic control staff halts any air traffic. Similarly, if a plane is about to land or take off, the airport controls the railway signals, instructing trains to stop. It’s a delicate dance of coordination, one that the airport staff performs daily with high precision. On average, vintage trains, often carrying tourists during the summer cruise season, cross the runway around 15 times a year. These trains are not just modes of transport; they are part of the experience for those visiting this unique region of New Zealand. For the people working at Gisborne Airport, it’s not just about managing machines and schedules; it’s about keeping people safe while ensuring that both the sky and the tracks run like clockwork. There’s a quiet heroism in how the staff handles this extraordinary arrangement. Imagine the responsibility of ensuring that a train carrying excited tourists doesn’t delay a flight or that an aircraft with a tight turnaround doesn’t run into an unexpected rail crossing. It’s teamwork, timing, and trust—values that are deeply human. For the locals and travelers alike, this site has become a symbol of coexistence and coordination. It’s a place where engineers, pilots, drivers, and controllers come together to manage something few in the world can even imagine.Rare, Real, and RemarkableGisborne is the only airport in the world today where trains still cross an active runway. A similar setup once existed at Wynyard Airport in Tasmania, but rail operations there ended in 2005. This makes Gisborne not just unique in New Zealand but globally unmatched. And it’s not just the infrastructure that’s rare. The moments captured here—a plane waiting for a train to pass or a locomotive idling as a flight takes off—are frequently shared online, turning this tiny airport into a social media sensation. Beyond the runway, Gisborne Airport serves as a gateway to the region’s beauty. From tranquil beaches to rolling green hills and Maori heritage sites, this part of New Zealand has much to offer. But what stays with travellers most isn’t just the destination; it’s the experience of arriving in a place where time seems to slow down, just long enough for a train to pass. This airport stands as a symbol of harmony between the old and the new, between rail and air, and between human responsibility and mechanical power.Gisborne Airport may not be the largest, busiest, or flashiest airport in the world. But it’s certainly one of the most special. Here, trains and planes don’t compete; they cooperate with perfect timing, everyday patience, and human ingenuity at their core. So, the next time someone asks you about extraordinary travel experiences, you can say, “I know of a place where trains cross the runway.” And it’s not a dream. It’s Gisborne.

4 Aug 2025

The Whys and Hows

Why Wells Are Always Round: The Simple Science Behind a Timeless Design

Wells have always been more than just holes in the ground. For centuries, they’ve been the source of life, giving water to drink, cook, bathe, farm, and survive. In villages, towns, forts, and even royal palaces, wells have quietly worked in the background, keeping communities alive, especially during dry months. Many of us remember dropping a bucket into a deep stone circle, hearing the splash, and feeling the rope tug as we pulled water up. But here’s a curious thing: why are all these wells round? Whether it’s in India, Africa, or Europe, old wells almost always have the same shape: a perfect circle. Is it just for looks? Or is there something more?The Round Secret: Strength in ShapeThe main reason wells are round is because a circular shape is naturally strong. When you dig deep into the earth, the surrounding soil pushes inward from all sides. If a well is circular, this pressure is spread out evenly across the wall. This means the wall can hold the weight without cracking or breaking. This idea is backed by physics, especially something called “hoop stress.” Engineers use this same principle when designing airplane windows, water tanks, and even submarines. In a circle, no one spot is weaker than the other. The pressure moves around smoothly like a wheel. But if you try to build a square or rectangular well, it doesn’t work the same way. The corners take more pressure than the straight sides. Over time, these corners become weak spots. Cracks begin to form, and eventually, the walls can collapse.Hand Tools and Human Touch: Building Made EasierIn earlier times, wells were dug by hand using pickaxes, shovels, and simple tools. When someone swings a pickaxe in a circular motion or turns a digging rod, it naturally makes a round hole. Trying to create sharp, square corners deep underground would need much more time, energy, and special tools. It’s also risky; the deeper you go, the more dangerous it gets. That’s why the round shape also makes construction safer and faster. Once the well is dug, workers can easily place pre-made concrete rings or stone blocks in circular layers. These fit together neatly, don’t need special support structures, and take less time to build. It’s smart, simple, and strong.Long-Term Savings: Cleaner, Easier, and CheaperA round well doesn’t just help during construction. It also stays strong and clean for many years. As water rises and falls with the seasons, the round shape ensures the pressure stays balanced. Square wells have corners where mud, algae, and dirt can settle. In a round well, water flows better, and it’s easier to clean. Whether you're using an old rope and bucket or a modern suction pump, a round well works smoothly. The equipment doesn’t get stuck, and parts last longer. Less repair work, Because the round shape resists cracks and damage, it saves money on maintenance in the long run. A Circle of LifeThink of the well in your grandmother’s courtyard. Or the ancient stepwell where travelers once rested. Maybe you’ve seen a village woman lower a pot into a stone ring or heard stories of children drawing water during summers. There’s something comforting about the round shape of a well. It feels complete, whole, and connected like a circle of life. The design isn’t just about science; it’s about human experience. A well brings people together. Families gather around it. Farmers depend on it. Its smooth, simple, and strong shape reflects the very qualities we admire in life. Wells are round not because they had to be, but because it was the smartest, safest, and strongest choice. From ancient wisdom to modern engineering, the circular well stands as a perfect blend of function and form. Behind that simple circle is a deep story of science, culture, and human thought all working together to bring us something we’ve always needed: water and the life that flows from it.

28 Jul 2025

The Whys and Hows

One Symbol, Many Stories: The Design Journey of the Indian Rupee

We use it almost every day, whether while reading a restaurant menu, checking a price tag, or looking at our bank balance. The Indian Rupee symbol is so deeply embedded in our daily lives that most of us hardly stop to wonder, where did this symbol come from? Who designed it? What does it mean? Behind this simple, elegant symbol lies a story of creativity, heritage, and people who poured not just skill but their souls into giving India its own currency identity. Two names in this journey stand out: Nondita Correa Mehrotra, whose thoughtful contribution was among the final five shortlisted, and D. Udaya Kumar, whose design was ultimately chosen as the official symbol of the Indian rupee.A Nationwide Search for a National IdentityIn March 2009, the Government of India launched a public competition to create a unique symbol for the Indian rupee. Until then, India used "Rs" or "Re" to represent its currency, just like many other countries. But as India’s economy grew, so did the need for a visual identity that stood tall beside global giants like the dollar, euro, yen, and pound. Over 3,000 entries flooded in from across the country from designers, artists, students, and professionals, all hoping to give a face to India’s financial future. Only five were shortlisted from thousands of entries.Nondita Correa Mehrotra: A Voice Among VisionariesNot many know her name, but Nondita Correa Mehrotra made history by making it to the top five finalists in this national search. An architect by training, Nondita is known for her sensitive, culturally rooted work that bridges tradition and modernity. She had the same rupee symbol idea five years ago, before the competition was announced. She asked a simple question: why doesn't India have a recognizable icon for its own currency? So she sketched a symbol of her own. A Devanagari raa crossed with two short horizontal lines near the top, and she sent it to the Reserve Bank of India and the Prime Minister's Office. Unfortunately, she never received a reply, but five years later, when the government announced the competition, it was nearly impossible to ignore that all the shortlisted ideas that were submitted were variations of Nodita's ideas. She had also resubmitted the design and made it to the top five spots in the competition. Her submission was a reflection of that very ethos, balancing India’s deep heritage with its global ambitions. While her design was not ultimately selected, her presence in the final round was significant. It marked a moment where women creators stepped forward in shaping India's national identity, a space too often reserved for others. She proved that design is not only about lines and curves, but also about ideas, integrity, and inclusion. The Man Behind the Symbol: D. Udaya KumarUltimately, it was D. Udaya Kumar, a young designer and academic, whose vision captured the nation’s imagination. At the time of the contest, he was a newly appointed faculty member at IIT Guwahati, where he now heads the Department of Design. His winning design: A graceful fusion of the Devanagari (Ra) and the Latin capital letter “R,” two scripts that tell the story of India’s cultural depth and global outlook. But Kumar didn’t stop at aesthetics. His symbol carried layers of meaning. The two parallel lines at the top represent the Indian tricolor saffron, white, and green, where the white is depicted through the negative space. These lines also form an equals to (=) sign, symbolizing economic equality and India’s constitutional values. The overall form maintains a balanced, modern look that aligns effortlessly with other global currency symbols. In 2010 it was adopted by the government of India.Today, the ₹ stands tall alongside $, €, and £ on the global stage.₹ was added to Unicode in 2010 making it usable globally across all digital platforms.A Symbol That Speaks Beyond EconomyIt’s about a country choosing to represent itself with elegance and purpose. It’s about a young academic like Udaya Kumar, who drew from his heritage, intellect, and pride to create something timeless. Today, the rupee symbol is more than a character on a keyboard. It stands on banknotes, billboards, advertisements, and apps. It is a bridge between the past and the present, between classical Indian scripts and global communication. In the end, the story of the Indian rupee symbol is not just about who won or lost a design contest. It's about how a nation chose to represent itself, how creatives from diverse backgrounds came together, and how symbols can carry the weight of heritage, hope, and harmony.

8 Jul 2025

The Whys and Hows

Unlock Your Inner Peace This International Yoga Day: 6 Simple Poses That Anyone Can Master

Each year on June 21st, people around the world come together to celebrate International Yoga Day a day dedicated to the ancient practice that unites the body, mind, and soul. Whether you’re a complete beginner or someone just getting back on the mat, starting a yoga practice might feel a little intimidating. But the beauty of yoga is that it meets you exactly where you are. To help you begin your yoga journey in a simple and empowering way, here are six easy poses designed specifically for beginners. No matter your age, flexibility, or experience level, these gentle postures can help you find balance, peace, and strength inside and out.What Is Yoga Really About?Yoga is much more than just stretching or twisting into complex shapes. It’s a lifestyle that brings harmony between your physical body, your breath, and your inner self. Unlike many forms of exercise that only focus on the physical aspect, yoga encourages mindfulness, self-compassion, and inner stillness. Don’t worry if you’re not flexible or haven’t exercised in a while. Yoga doesn’t ask for perfection just presence. All you need is a bit of space, a quiet moment, and a willingness to begin.6 Gentle Yoga Poses to Start WithHere are six beginner-friendly yoga poses that you can practice from the comfort of your home. These postures help you become more aware of your body, calm your mind, and gently build strength and flexibility. Here are six beginner-friendly yoga poses to help you gently start your yoga journey. Mountain Pose (Tadasana) is a simple standing pose that teaches grounding and body awareness. To do it, stand tall with your feet hip-width apart, arms relaxed by your sides, and spine lengthened as you breathe deeply. This pose improves posture, strengthens the legs, and enhances alignment awareness. Cat-Cow Pose (Marjaryasana–Bitilasana) is a gentle flow between two positions that warms up the spine and connects breath with movement. Begin on all fours, inhale as you arch your back and lift your chest (Cow), then exhale as you round your spine and tuck your chin (Cat). This sequence relieves back tension and calms the mind.Downward-Facing Dog (Adho Mukha Svanasana) is a mild inversion that stretches the entire body. Start on your hands and knees, then lift your hips to form an inverted “V” shape, keeping your knees soft and heels reaching toward the mat. It strengthens the arms, legs, and shoulders while energizing the body.Child’s Pose (Balasana) is a calming resting posture where you kneel, sit back on your heels, stretch your arms forward, and rest your forehead on the mat. This pose provides deep relaxation and emotional comfort. Cobra Pose (Bhujangasana) is a gentle backbend done lying face down; press your palms under your shoulders and slowly lift your chest while keeping your elbows soft. It improves posture, strengthens the spine, and opens the chest. Lastly, Tree Pose (Vrikshasana) is a balancing posture that enhances stillness and focus. Stand on one leg and place the other foot on your calf or inner thigh, avoiding the knee. Bring your palms together at your chest or raise them overhead while focusing on a steady point. This pose improves balance, builds inner strength, and calms the mind.The Beautiful Benefits of YogaThe beautiful benefits of yoga extend far beyond the physical, touching every part of your well-being. When practiced regularly, yoga helps increase flexibility and build gentle strength throughout the body, allowing muscles and joints to move more freely. It’s also a powerful tool for calming the mind through deep breathing and mindful movement. Yoga helps reduce stress and anxiety, soothing the nervous system. Mentally, it enhances focus and clarity, helping you stay present and think more clearly in your day-to-day life. Many people also find that yoga boosts their energy levels and improves mood, creating a sense of inner balance and emotional upliftment. In addition, certain poses and breathing techniques support better sleep and deeper relaxation, making yoga a holistic practice that nurtures both body and soul.Simple Tips for New YogisStarting a new yoga practice can feel overwhelming, but a few simple tips can make your journey much more enjoyable. First, always listen to your body; it’s perfectly okay to take breaks or modify poses to fit what feels right for you. Consistency is key, so even practicing for just 10 minutes a day can bring noticeable benefits over time; remember, yoga is about regular practice, not perfection. Focus on your breath, allowing deep, mindful breathing to guide your movements and help release tension. And most importantly, be patient with yourself. Progress unfolds gradually, and every pose you try is a valuable step toward greater self-awareness and well-being.A Message from the Mat: Your Journey Starts NowYoga is not about touching your toes; it’s about what you learn on the way down. Whether you’re on a yoga mat or just taking a mindful breath, you’re already practicing. This International Yoga Day, give yourself the gift of stillness, movement, and presence. Try out these six poses, breathe deeply, and allow yourself to feel the gentle power of this ancient practice. No matter your age, body type, or experience level, yoga is for everyone. So, roll out your mat, take a deep breath, and begin.Happy International Yoga Day 2025!

21 Jun 2025

The Whys and Hows

Good News

India Maritime Week 2025: Steering the Nation Toward a Sustainable, Tech-Driven Blue Economy

India’s First Fully AC Government School: A New Chapter in Public Education!

Visakhapatnam Goes Global : Google’s First-Ever AI Hub in India to Transform Visakhapatnam into a Tech Powerhouse

Wrapped with Pride: India’s Kathi Roll Among World’s Best Wraps

India’s Young Innovator Wins Second Prize at BRICS 2025 with AI Breakthrough Against Superbugs

Kaziranga Field Director Sonali Ghosh Becomes First Indian to Win IUCN’s Prestigious Kenton Miller Award

Mumbai One: India’s First Common Mobility App for Seamless City Travel Is Here!

Sherry Singh: The Indian Queen Who Conquered the Universe!

Where Dreams Take Flight: India’s First Fully Digital Airport Inaugurated in Navi Mumbai

India’s Biodiversity Milestone: Nation to Launch First Red List of Endangered Species at IUCN Congress

Positive Reads

A Journey Through Ink and Time: National Post Day 2025

World Mental Health Day 2025 : How Indian Celebrities Are Changing the Mental Health Narrative

A Pitch for Success: Rajgir International Cricket Stadium Puts Bihar on the Global Cricket Map

Breaking Tradition: Sabri Becomes First Muslim Girl to Perform Kathakali at Kerala Kalamandalam

Smile More: 5 Fun Facts to Celebrate World Smile Day

When Devotion Meets Sustainability: Lalabagan Nabankur’s Eco-Friendly Durga Puja

More Than Street Art : Kolkata Paints History with 500-Foot Alpana

Secrets of the Earth: Nagaland and Meghalaya on UNESCO’s Global Map

Dr. Nandini Bhowmik: India’s First Female Priestess Leads Durga Puja

The Heartbeat of Mumbai: Rajabai Clock Tower’s Timeless Chime

The Whys and Hows

The Joy of Discovery: Citizen Scientists Unearth Rare Pink and Purple Fungi, Painting a New Picture of Biodiversity

Three Nations, One Heartbeat: The Beauty of the World’s Tripoints

Celebrate National Ayurveda Day 2025: 4 Ayurvedic Herbs You Must Include for Better Health!

No Screws, No Plates Just Glue: The Future of Fracture Repair Is Here

Navapur Railway Station: One Bench, Two States, and a Unique Story of Division

Badluram Ka Badan – The Song, the Soldier, and the Survival Story

When Trains Meet Planes: Inside New Zealand’s One-of-a-Kind Gisborne Airport

Why Wells Are Always Round: The Simple Science Behind a Timeless Design

One Symbol, Many Stories: The Design Journey of the Indian Rupee

Unlock Your Inner Peace This International Yoga Day: 6 Simple Poses That Anyone Can Master

Star Citizens

Where Numbers Found a Home: The Legacy of C.S. Seshadri

Unshaken in Duty : The Vayu Sena Medal Story of Corporal Varun Kumar

Making Life Easier: How Pinch is Helping Indians Beat Daily Stress

Drifting at the Edge of the World : Sanam Sekhon Sets Guinness Record

The Road to Glory : Sufiya Khan’s World Record Journey Across India

Dreams Take Flight: The Inspiring Story of Haryana’s Wing Commander Sunita Pahal

Teen Genius Smart Tech : How Sharanya is Transforming Irrigation in India

Unstoppable : The Inspiring Journey of IAS Topper Ira Singhal

A Mother’s Voice: How Aarti Deshpande Turned Her Child’s Autism into a Movement of Hope

She Bakes, She Studies, She Succeeds: The Inspiring Story of Samriddhi Elantholy and Her Home Bakery ‘La Joie’

Wanderlust

Snow Kissed Peaks: India’s Early Winter Magic!

When Rocks Tell Stories: Legends and Science Behind Earth’s Wonders

Nature’s Masterpiece : Why Howrah is Known as the Great Banyan City

Not Just a Hill Station: Munnar Earns Spot Among Asia’s Top 8 Rural Escapes list

City of Lights: Kolkata’s Heritage in a New Glow

From Scrap to Sculpture: India’s First Waste-to-Wonder Park Opens In Noida Soon

Not Souvenirs, But Status Symbols : India’s First Heritage Craft Mall Opens in Delhi

Walking on Air: India’s Longest Glass Skywalk to Open in Visakhapatnam!

A Night of Wonder: Rare Blood Moon Eclipse to Light Up Indian Skies!

Inside the World’s Largest Private Residence: The Legacy of Lakshmi Vilas Palace

Global News

Champion of Democracy: María Corina Machado Wins the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize

When Cities Bloom: How Japan is Turning Concrete Jungles into Green Sanctuaries

The Ride of a Lifetime: Aurelien Fontenoy Cycles Up the Eiffel Tower in Record Time!

Sanae Takaichi : Japan’s First Female PM and Her Bold Vision

Friendship, Faith, and Leadership: PM Modi Writes Foreword for Giorgia Meloni’s Autobiography

Google at 27: A Birthday That Blends Memory and Innovation

History on the Track : Botswana Becomes The New Relay Champions of the World

Skis, Ice, and a Century of Dreams : Richard Eitel Becomes Oldest Person to Reach the North Pole

Enteromix: A Ray of Hope in Humanity’s Long Battle With Cancer

Lanzante 95-59: Where Speed Meets Spirit with Lord Ganesha’s Blessing

Sports Spirit

Small Nation, Big Dreams: Cabo Verde Qualifies for 2026 World Cup

Arrows, Nerves, Glory: Rajputana Royals Crowned APL Champions

Still Swinging Strong: Squash Star Joshna Chinappa Lifts Trophy at Japan Open 2025!

Mann vs Burpees : Mann Sharma Sets World Record in Burpee Marathon

Young, Fearless, and Global: Aarya Choudhary Becomes India’s Lone Medalist at the IMMAF Worlds in Georgia

Himanshi Rathi Becomes India’s First Woman to Win a Chess Medal at the Asian Para Games

Smriti Mandhana Breaks 28-Year Record to Become the Leading ODI Run-Maker of the Year

India’s Para Badminton Hero : Pramod Bhagat Shines at 1st Abia Para Badminton International

Linthoi Chanambam: India’s First Junior World Judo Medalist Who Fought Her Way into History

Unbeaten, Unstoppable : India Women Dominate Pakistan at World Cup 2025