What Causes the Difference in Hair Color

Hair color is determined by the amount and type of pigments present in the hair follicles. The two main pigments that contribute to hair color are eumelanin, which gives hair its black or brown color, and pheomelanin, which gives hair its red or blonde color. The ratio of these two pigments determines the final color of a person's hair.   Blonde hair is caused by a lower concentration of eumelanin and a higher concentration of pheomelanin. This combination results in a lighter hair color, ranging from light blonde to golden blonde. People with blonde hair are more common in northern Europe, where the lighter hair color provides an advantage in the sunnier, lighter environment. The lighter hair also allows for more vitamin D synthesis, which is important for overall health and well-being.   On the other hand, black hair is caused by a higher concentration of eumelanin. This is most common in people of African descent, where the darker hair color provides a natural sun protection, as well as a cultural preference. The darker hair also absorbs more heat, which helps regulate body temperature in the warmer climate.   There are also many other factors that can contribute to hair color, including genetics, age, hormones, and environmental factors such as exposure to sunlight and environmental pollutants. For example, as people age, their hair often becomes lighter due to a reduction in the production of pigments. Hormonal changes can also affect hair color, as seen in women