This is a story with a happy ending as when many species are slipping into extinction , the Indian rhinoceros whose numbers had dwindled to as low as 100-200 has made an amazing comeback with its population now standing at around 2,700.

The one horned rhinoceros once ranged across the entire north Indian  sub continent and also encompassed Pakistan, Nepal and Bhutan.Over the years its population dwindled and in India, it is now found in Assam, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh.

A major bulk of the population lives in the grasslands of Kaziranga National Park in Assam and smaller numbers live in other parks such as Manas National Park in Uttar Pradesh. It seems that their numbers are exceeding in Kaziranga National Park, more than it could hold as rhinos which are naturally solitary animals are seen here in groups.

The Indian rhino, due to its mighty size has very few natural enemies. Its major threat comes from poachers. Even though the rhino population has increased in recent years, it is not completely out of danger.

Rhinoceros horns are in great demand in Asian countries , especially in Vietnam. It is used for artistic carving and as a status symbol to show success and wealth. The horns are also believed to cure cancer. they are used in traditional Chinese medicines. Therefore, rhinoceros become easy target for poachers.

As rhinoceros are herbivore, the use of land for agriculture and deforestation has led to their reduction in their habitat. The Indian and Nepalese governments have taken major steps towards their conservation with help from the World wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and other non governmental organisations.

Recently, shoot poachers at sight order was issues at the Kaziranga National Park. This step has been termed illegal and need to be probed as forest guard can shoot anyone whom they suspect to be a poacher. Instead of shooting, they should be bringing the suspects to justice.

Rhinoceros is a mega herbivore along with the elephant and hippopotamus and it shapes the habitat it dwells in. It changes the nature of grasslands and selectively eating certain grasses. It also helps in seed dispersal through its faeces. It is an important part of the ecosystem which could change if not for the animal's presence.

States like Assam -  where rhinos graze in the open and where these mighty animals are their source of pride and joy- are important for their survival. The state hopes to increase the population of rhinoceros to around 3000 in the next three years and spread the animal over several national parks.

With proper conservation steps and awareness, this target can definitely be achieved.